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A Cotton Gin basically, is a
mechanical device to separate cotton seed from cotton fiber. |
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There are two
basic types of cotton and two basic types of cotton gins. |
| 1. Long Staple
Cotton is cotton with a black slick seed and Long Fiber.
Long Staple
Cotton is Ginned with a roller gin. The roller gin pulls cotton through
the gin by two rollers running in opposite directions or by a roller and a knife,
Pulling the fiber from the seed. |
2. Short Staple
Cotton or " Upland Cotton" is cotton with fuzzy seed.
Fuzzy seed
has short lint fibers attached to the seed. Short Staple Cotton is
Ginned with a Saw Gin. Metal saws grab cotton and pull the cotton lint
through metal ribs. The seed cannot go through the ribs and falls out of the
gin. |
Gin
Information
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The word
"Cotton Gin" is a short version of the words "Cotton
Engine". |
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Henry Odgen
Holmes developed the first saw gin. Patented 1796. Saw gins are used
today. Henry received a caveat of invention from the Department of War five
years before Eli Whitney. |
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The day that
Henry Odgen Holmes' Cotton Gin 5 year caveat expired was the day Eli Whitney
was granted a Cotton Gin Patent in the New Patent Office. March 14, 1974 |
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Dr. Joseph Eve
introduced the first powered roller gin.
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Most of the
towns in the south had a cotton gin. Where the roads meet you would find a
Gin. |
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A
ginner is a person in charge of machines at the gin |
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Today's
gin plants clean, dry, remove seeds, clean lint, and bale cotton. www.coneagle.com |
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Fair to
middling" is and old cotton gin term. It means middle grade cotton. |
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The increase of the southern slave
trade was a direct effect of the increase in cotton production brought by
the invention of the Cotton Gin. The invention of the Cotton Gin is not the
reason for slavery as many scholars suggest. "There
has never been an invention made by mankind that ever enslaved anyone.
People enslave people, not machines." Tommy Brown Daniel Pratt
was listed, in slave census, as having 110 slaves, in his own words to his
father.
The
purchase of slaves brought an immediate letter from his Puritan father in New
England who wrote on May 20, 1827, condemning his son for the ownership of
slaves. Pratt replied:
"My slaves which you mention are not
numerous. I have but three and it is not probable that I shall keep them long. I
did not intend that you should know anything about that as I supposed that you
would think that I was ruined eternally. But did you know my situation and the
situation of the country I live in you would think differently. I assure you
that to live in any country it is necessary to conform to the customs of the
country in part. I have bought no man into bondage and I am in hopes I have
rendered no man's situation more disagreeable than it was before, but on the
contrary I am in hopes that I have bettered it."
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Production and Price Record of Lint Cotton for
174 Years
|
Crop Season |
Bales |
HIGH |
LOW |
Crop Season |
Bales |
HIGH |
LOW |
Crop Season |
Bales |
HIGH |
LOW |
Crop Season |
Bales |
HIGH |
LOW |
Crop Season |
Bales |
HIGH |
LOW |
|
1828-29 |
680,000
|
13
|
9 |
1864-65 |
299,000
|
190
|
72
|
1900-01 |
10,123,000 |
12.00 |
8.00
|
1936-37 |
12,399,000 |
15.25 |
11,18 |
1970-71 |
10,192,000 |
25.45 |
22.54 |
|
1829-30 |
764,000
|
11
|
8
|
1865-66 |
2,094,000 |
120
|
35
|
1901-02 |
9,510,000 |
9.88
|
7.81 |
1937-38 |
18,946,000 |
11.35 |
7.71 |
1971-72 |
10,477,000 |
35.78 |
26.56 |
|
1830-31 |
732,000
|
13
|
8
|
1866-67 |
1,948,000 |
52
|
32
|
1902-03 |
10,631,000 |
13.50 |
8.30 |
1938-39 |
11,943,000 |
10.02 |
7.88 |
1972-73 |
13,704,000 |
49.92 |
24.74 |
|
1831-32 |
805,000
|
11
|
7
|
1867-68 |
2,346,000 |
36
|
15 1/2 |
1903-04 |
9,851,000 |
17.25 |
9.50 |
1939-40 |
11,817,000 |
11.66 |
8.82 |
1973-74 |
12,974,000 |
84.48 |
51.69 |
|
1832-33 |
816.000
|
12
|
7
|
1868-69 |
2,198,000 |
33
|
16
|
1904-05 |
13,438,000 |
11.50 |
6.85 |
1940-41 |
12,566,000 |
17.91 |
9.68 |
1974-75 |
11,537,000 |
53.42 |
34.93 |
|
1831-34 |
931,000
|
17 |
9 |
1869-70 |
2,410,000 |
35
|
25
|
1905-06 |
10,575,000 |
12.60 |
9.80 |
1941-42 |
10,744,000 |
21.39 |
16.35 |
1975-76 |
8,296,000 |
86.84 |
46.74 |
|
1834-35 |
962,000
|
16
|
10
|
1870-71 |
4,025,000 |
21.25 |
14.75 |
1906-07 |
13,274,000 |
13.55 |
9.60 |
1942-43 |
12,817,000 |
22.24 |
19.12 |
1976-77 |
10,577,000 |
79.36 |
55.21 |
|
1835-36 |
1,062,000 |
20 |
15 |
1871-72 |
2,757,000 |
27.38 |
18.38 |
1907-08 |
11,107,000 |
13,55 |
9.50 |
1943-44 |
11,427,000 |
22.81 |
19.80 |
1977-78 |
10,856,000 |
67.57 |
56.46 |
|
1836-37 |
1,129.000 |
20
|
12
|
1872-73 |
3,651,000 |
22.25 |
18.63 |
1908-09
|
13,242,000
|
13.15 |
9.00 |
1944-45 |
12,230,000 |
23.59 |
21.76 |
1978-79 |
14,629,000 |
84.82 |
60,62 |
|
1837-38 |
1,428,000 |
17
|
7
|
1873-74 |
3,874,000 |
20.63 |
13.63 |
1909-10
|
10,005,000
|
19,75 |
12.40 |
1945-46 |
9,015,000
|
36.47 |
22.80 |
1979-80 |
11,122,000 |
92.29 |
72.65 |
|
1838-39 |
1,093,000 |
12 |
9 |
1874-75 |
3,528,000 |
16.88
|
14.13 |
1910-11 |
11.609,000 |
16,15 |
11.60 |
1946-47 |
8,640,000
|
40.18 |
28.70 |
1980-81 |
15,646,000 |
71.31
|
53.51 |
|
1839-40 |
1,654.000 |
16 |
11 |
1875-76 |
4,303,000 |
14.63
|
11.69 |
1911-12
|
15,693,000
|
13.40 |
9.20 |
1947-48 |
11,857,000 |
38.65 |
30.55 |
1981-82 |
11,963,000 |
73.35 |
57.34 |
|
1840-41 |
1,348,000 |
10
|
8
|
1876-77 |
4,118,000 |
13.31 |
10.81 |
1912-13 |
13,703,000 |
13.40 |
10.75 |
1948-49 |
14,868,000 |
33.37 |
30.69 |
1982-83 |
7,771,000 |
81.61 |
63.79 |
|
1841-42 |
1,398,000 |
11 |
9 |
1877-78 |
4,494,000 |
12.19 |
10.50 |
1913-14 |
14,156,000
|
14.50 |
11.00 |
1949-50 |
16,128,000 |
39.05 |
29.48 |
1983-84 |
12.982,000 |
65.46 |
57.60 |
|
1842-43 |
2,035,000 |
9 |
7
|
1878-79 |
4,745,000 |
13.75
|
8.81 |
1914-15
|
16,135,000 |
11.00 |
7.25 |
1950-51 |
10,014,000 |
45.25 |
36.21 |
1984-85 |
13,432,000 |
65.94 |
55.09 |
|
1843-44 |
1,750,000 |
8 |
5 |
1879-80 |
5,466,000 |
13.50 |
10.63 |
1915-16 |
11,192,000 |
13.45 |
9.20 |
1951-52 |
15,148,000 |
43.43 |
34.10 |
1985-86 |
9,731,100 |
76.00 |
25.94 |
|
1844-45 |
2,079,000 |
9 |
5 |
1880-81 |
6,357,000 |
13.00 |
10.44 |
1916-17 |
11,450,000 |
27.65 |
13.35 |
1952-53 |
15,139,000 |
40.76 |
31.71 |
1986-87 |
14,759,900 |
77.17 |
56.45 |
|
1845-46 |
1,806,000 |
8 3/8 |
5 |
1881-82 |
5,136,000 |
13.06 |
11.50 |
1917-18 |
11,302,000 |
36.00 |
21.20 |
1953-54 |
16,465,000 |
34.59 |
32.39 |
1987-88 |
15,445,500 |
69.91
|
50,05 |
|
1846-47 |
1,604,000 |
10
|
6
|
1892-83 |
6,833,000 |
12.94 |
10.00 |
1918-19 |
12,041,000 |
38.20 |
25.00 |
1954-55 |
13,697,000 |
34.90 |
33.10 |
1988-89 |
12,196,000 |
Na |
Na |
|
1847-48 |
2,128,000 |
12
|
7
|
1883-84 |
5,522,000 |
11.94 |
10.13 |
1919-20 |
11,421,000 |
43.75 |
28.85 |
1955-56 |
14,721,000 |
35.65 |
32.20 |
1989-90 |
15,505,000 |
Na |
Na |
|
1848-49 |
2,615,000 |
8 |
5
|
1884-85 |
5,477,000 |
11.50 |
9.75
|
1920-21 |
13,440,000 |
40.00 |
10.85 |
1955-56 |
14,721,000 |
35.65 |
32.20 |
1990-91 |
17,614,000 |
Na |
Na |
|
1849-50 |
1,975,000 |
11
|
6
|
1885-86 |
6,369,000 |
10.25 |
8.81 |
1921-22 |
7,954,000
|
23.75 |
12.80 |
1956-57 |
13,310,000 |
34.08 |
32.93 |
1991-92 |
16,218,000 |
Na |
Na |
|
1850-51 |
2,136,000 |
14
|
11
|
1886-87 |
6,315,000 |
11.44 |
9.13
|
1922-23 |
9,762,000 |
31.30 |
20,35 |
1957-58 |
10,964,000 |
34.98 |
33.18 |
1992-83 |
16,134,000 |
Na |
Na |
|
1851-52 |
2,799,000 |
14
|
8
|
1887-88 |
6,885,000 |
11.38 |
9.44
|
1923-24 |
10,140,000 |
37.65 |
23.50 |
1958-59 |
11,512,000 |
34.86 |
32,75 |
1993-94 |
19,662,000 |
Na |
Na |
|
1852-53 |
3,130,000 |
10
|
8
|
1888-89 |
6,924,000 |
11.50 |
9.63
|
1924-25 |
13,628,000 |
31.50 |
22,15 |
1959-60 |
14,558,000 |
32.47 |
31.38 |
1994-95 |
17,900,000 |
82.6 |
72.2 |
|
1853-54 |
2.766,000 |
11
|
10 |
1889-90 |
7,473,000 |
12.75 |
10.25 |
1925-26 |
16,104,000 |
24.75 |
17.85 |
1960-61 |
14,272,000 |
32.91 |
30.09 |
1995-96 |
18,942,000 |
78.9 |
69.3 |
|
1854-55 |
2,708,000 |
10
|
8
|
1890-91 |
8,562,000 |
11.00 |
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